Broccoli and Cauliflower Production Guide
Posted by bong on Wednesday, June 15, 2011
Under: Agrikultyur
| Production Management |
| Varieties |
Broccoli Maturity Plant Height Elevation Green King 55 medium low Pinnacle 55 medium mid & high Prominence 50 tall high Shigemori 55 medium mid & high Cauliflower Maturity Plant Height Elevation CHL 313 40 medium low CHL 317 48 medium low Snow Queen 60 medium mid & high Silver Cup 40 40 medium low & mid Ag 15 45 medium low Hero 45 medium low & mid |
| Most varieties grow well in mid and high elevations during the dry season. Some varieties also perform well during the wet season in these areas. In low elevations, some varieties also perform well especially during the dry, cool months. These crops can be planted in most soils but clay loam to sandy loam is best. |
| Land Preparation |
| Prepare the land thoroughly by plowing and harrowing several times. In low and mid elevation areas, make deep furrows 0.5 m wide. In high elevations, prepare beds 0.75-1.0 m wide. |
| Seedling Production |
| Prepare 1.0 m wide seedbeds at any convenient length. One hectare would require 50-70 m2 of seedbed. Incorporate manure and rice hull ash or wood ash. Line sow 280 g/ha of seed with furrows across the bed 7-10 cm apart. Sow thinly to prevent damping-off. Mulch with rice hull or grass clippings and water regularly. Provide nylon net tunnel as shade and rain barrier. Spray with pesticides when needed. Expose to full sunlight one week before transplanting. The seedlings are ready four weeks from sowing. |
| Transplanting |
| Water the seedbeds and gently uproot the seedlings. Transplant in rows 0.5-0.75 cm apart and 0.3-0.5 m between plants. Apply basal fertilizer at 10 g 14-14-14/hill. Irrigate before and after transplanting. Mulch with rice straw, rice hull or plastic to prevent weed growth and conserve soil moisture. It is best also to intercrop with bunching onion, bulb onion, garlic, kutsai, tomato, marigold, and other crops to minimize insect pests. |
| Fertilization and Weeding |
| Side-dress with urea (46-0-0) at the rate of 5-10 g/plant 2-3 weeks after transplanting with 10 g/hill of 2:1 mixture of 46-0-0 and 0-0-60. Fertilize only after weeding. In some areas, boron fertilizer may be needed. |
| Irrigation |
| During the dry season, irrigate before transplanting. Repeat every 7-10 days (furrow irrigation) or 2-3 times/week (sprinkler irrigation). Mulching helps minimize irrigation frequency. |
| Pest and Disease Management |
Diseases/ Recommendations Insect Pest Damping-off Avoid overcrowding and too much watering in seedbeds; drench with Captan solution. |
| Harvesting |
| Harvest when curds are well formed. Include portions of stem and leaves. Avoid exposure to full sunlight. |
| Cost and Return Analysis Per Hectare |
| ITEMS AMOUNT (P) I. VARIABLE COSTS P 60,780 A. Labor (P150/MD) Plowing 1,500 Harrowing 1,000 Bedding 1,500 Manure application 1,500 Seedling preparation (15 MD) 2,250 Mulching (10 MD) 1,500 Transplanting (10 MD) 1,500 Fertilization (3x) (6 MD) 900 Spraying 4,500 Weeding 300 Irrigation 3,000 Harvesting (10 MD) 1,500 Miscellaneous (20 MD) 3,000 Sub-total 23,950 B. Materials Seeds 1,000. Animal manure (10 t) 10,000 Fertilizers 14-14-14 (5 bags) 1,750 -0-0 ( 6 bags) 2,280 0-0-60 (3 bags) 1,800 Chemical sprays 10,000 Fuel & Oil 5,000 Miscellaneous 5,000 Sub-total 36,830 II. FIXED COSTS 18,063 Land rental 5,000 Depreciation 5 pcs. Scythe (2 yrs) 63 5 pcs. Hoe ( 3 yrs) 125 3 pcs. Shovel (3 yrs) 75 2 knapsack sprayers (5 yrs) 800 Interest on Loans at 20% int. p.a. 12,000 TOTAL COSTS 78,843 GROSS INCOME: Cauliflower a 100,000-300,000 Broccoli b 300,000-600,000 NET INCOME Cauliflower 21,157-221,157 Broccoli 221,157-521,157 a With marketable yield of 20-30 t/ha at P5-10/kg b With marketable yield of 15-20 t/ha at P20-30/kg |
In : Agrikultyur